The Role of Adipose-derived Stem Cell in Breast Reconstruction with Fat Grafting: A Literature Review

Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) are a biological development that provides new hope regarding tissue engineering and regenerative therapy. Due to its potential paracrine activity, compounding, paracrine activity and immunomodulatory function, ADSC-based cell-assisted lipotransfer has emerged as a promising cell therapy technology and significantly improves fat graft retention. Initially used for breast augmentation as a cosmetic function, currently ADSC-based cell-assisted lipotransfer has potential utility for breast reconstruction in breast cancer patients. Post-fat grafting complications of 10.9% were reported and considered major, including hematoma, seroma, fat necrosis, dermatitis, cellulitis, and infection. In this review, we summarize the latest research and aim to provide an overview of ADSC in fat grafting, so that in the future research can be found to avoid post-fat grafting complications in breast reconstruction and provide satisfactory breast reconstruction results.