Association of IL-17A Gene Polymorphism and Its Influence on Serum IL-17A & IL-6 Levels in Diabetes with Chronic Periodontitis Patients

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an important cytokine which involved in the regulation of host immune response in systemic and periodontal infection. Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted by Th-17 cells and activate neutrophils which lead to chemokine expression. IL-17& IL-6 cytokines are reported to be associated with inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, airway mucin secretion, asthma and type 1 & 2 diabetes mellitus and periodontitis.This study was done to find out whether there is any association between IL-17A & 6 cytokines and IL-17A gene polymorphism (Alleles) of chronic periodontitis in type 1 & 2 diabetes patients.This study was done on 359 subjects, and consists of 6 groups and these are group 1 which included of 28 patients from type I diabetes with periodontitis. The group-2 was patients from type 1 diabetes and without chronic periodontitis, there were 71 type 2 diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis in group 3 while 76 patients were included in group 4 and they had only type 2 diabetes. In the same way, there were total of 78 non diabetic patients in the group-5 with only chronic periodontitis. The last group 6 consists of nondiabetic patients and the sample size for this group was 78 patients and no one has periodontitis. The study showed that IL-17A polymorphism is significantly more associated with type 1 diabetes patients with chronic periodontitis (group-1). Individuals carrying the positive IL-17A genotype have greater risk for T1DM with periodontitis. IL-17A & 6 cytokines level used to identify the severity of the periodontal destruction with diabetes mellitus and It can consider as biomarker for disease activity.