Diagnosed Cases of Diabetic Ketoacidosis with Reference to Electrolytes Imbalance: A Study about QTc Interval Prolongation

The present study investigates a QTc interval prolongation in diagnosed cases of Diabetic Ketoacidosis with reference to electrolyte imbalances. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) are dangerous manifestations of diabetes mellitus representing two extremes in the spectrum of uncontrolled diabetic state. DKA occurs predominantly in those with type 1 diabetes. The basic defect in the pathogenesis of DKA is insulin deficiency. DKA accounts for 14 percentages of all hospital admissions among diabetics and 16 percentages of all diabetes- related fatalities in India. The study was conducted in the ICU, general medicine ward and casualty under Department of Medicine at tertiary care hospital during August 2020 to July 2022. In present study QTc Maximum mean ±SD found in electrolytes abnormal group was 441.11 ± 16.49 and in electrolytes normal group was 424.41 ± 21.30, QTc Minimum mean ±SD found in electrolytes abnormal group was 393.69 ± 8.24 and in electrolytes normal group was 383.08 ± 15.99. QTc Dispersion mean ±SD found in electrolytes abnormal group was 48.75 ± 9.22 and in electrolytes normal group was 41.63 ± 9.88. QTc Mean mean ±SD found in electrolytes abnormal group was 417.41 ± 12.35 and in electrolytes normal group was 404.65 ± 15.81. HbA1c level was found between 7 to 10 in (77 %) cases and >10 in (23 %) cases. In Group A HbA1c mean ±SD was 9.2 ± 0.41 and in Group B it was 9.6 ± 0.605. There was statistically significant correlation between HbA1c and QTc interval prolongation. It is suggested that QTc interval prolongation is an indicator of CAN (Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy) and predictive tool for cardio-vascular mortality (worse outcomes) in patients with Diabetic Ketoacidosis.