IN vitro BIOACTIVITY OF GALANGAL RHIZOME EXTRACT AGAINST Streptococcus mutans AND Staphylococcus aureus GROWTH AND ITS APPLICATION AS AN ACTIVE SUBSTANCE IN TOOTHPASTE

The study aimed to isolate red (Alpinia purpurata K. Schum) and white galangal (Alpinia galanga Linn. Swartz) rhizome extract compound, examine its bioactivity against bacteria Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 13565), and its potential as an active substance in toothpaste made at the laboratory scale. The result of the study indicated that the n-hexane extract of red galangal possesses a higher antimicrobial activity effect against S. mutans and S. aureus compared to the white one. The examination of the experimental toothpaste with an addition of 1 % active substance (extract of n-hexane, D and J fractions) indicated that the diameter of resistance against S. mutans formed by D fraction was higher (15.5±0.50 mm) than the positive control (14.0±0.00 mm). Meanwhile, the addition of 1.5 % active substances from D and J fractions indicated a higher inhibition zone diameter (16.2±0.29 mm and 14.7±0.58 mm) compared to positive control. The diameter of resistance against S. aureus of the toothpaste with an addition of active substances (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 %) was higher than the positive control. Spectroscopy FTIR and GC-MS data analysis indicated that the primary compound existing in the D fraction is 2-methyl -1-(o-tolil) pentanol. In contrast, the most dominant compound in the J fraction is 2-ethyl-5-methyl benzoic acid. The D and J fraction can be used as an active substance in toothpaste in the future.