FREQUENCY OF ADIPONECTIN GENE POLYMORPHISM IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Reduced plasma levels of adiponectin have been demonstrated in individuals with obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and may be used to predict the overall risk of developing insulin resistance and T2DM.

Recently, genome-wide scans in humans have mapped a susceptibility locus for T2DM and metabolic syndrome to chromosome 3q27, where the gene encoding adiponectin is present. A single nucleotide polymorphism 45(SNP45) T/G was found to be associated with obesity and insulin resistance.

The aim of the present study was to examine the correlation between the SNP45 T/G polymorphism in the adiponectin gene and the increased risk of T2DM in El Minia governorate, Egypt.

The genotype frequency of SNP45 T > G in exon 2 of adiponectin gene was determined by PCR based restriction enzyme analysis using the restriction enzyme called SmaI.

The results of this study showed a significant increase in mutant TG/GG genotype in T2DM patients (36.7%) in comparison to control group (18%) (P value < 0.05). Subjects with the G/G genotype were at increased risk for T2DM compared with those having the T/T genotype. There is a significant increase in mutant G allele in T2DM patients group (22%) in comparison to control group (12%) (P value˂0.05). No significant relation between genotypes of adiponectin and clinical data of the patients (age, sex, BMI, FBS, and HbA1c).

In conclusion, the present study supports the association between adiponectin +45 T/G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with increased risk of type 2diabetes mellitus.