Genomic and Proteomic: Concept and Application

Genomics is the multidisciplinary science to understand the structure, function and evolution of genes and their interactions by identification, molecular characterization and cloning of whole genomes for the ultimate goal of understanding phenomics of organisms. Overall genomics includes sequencing of genomes, determination of complete set of genes, analysis of transcripts and proteins encoded by an organism, their interactions and understanding of metabolic pathways. Thus, genomics not only deals with the generation of the genetic information, but also understanding mechanisms by which this information is used by an organism. Genomics is often divided into structural genomics, functional genomics and comparative genomics. Proteins serve a variety of important roles in living things. The whole collection of proteins that a system or creature produces or modifies is known as the proteome. A growing number of proteins can be identified thanks to proteomics. The focus of the current review is on various events and features related to genomics and proteomics.