Nanobiocatalysts: An Innovative Approach for Advancement of Industrial Biotechnology

Enzymes are the natural biocatalysts which involve in catalyzing biochemical reactions within living organisms. Due to supreme properties of the biocatalysts, they were used to replace chemical catalysts used in industrial sector. However, commercial application of natural catalysts became restricted due to certain limitations. In order to overcome these challenges the physico-chemical properties and functional properties of enzymes have been modified through different strategies. Among them, enzyme immobilization on supportive materials is a novel approach which successfully enhanced the stability of enzymes under harsh industrial environment. Using functional nanostructures as the solid supports in enzyme immobilization construct the enzyme-nanostructure biocatalysts. Recent research efforts in fabrication of novel nanobiocatalysts revealed that immobilization of natural catalyst using artificial nanomaterials as the solid support leads to improve the efficiency of bioprocesses significantly. Even though, nanobiocatalysts is a marvelous concept in industrial biotechnology, still it is not widely applied in large-scale. However, as a consequence of extensive experiments performing in laboratory-scale, the launch of a new era in the field of industrial biotechnology can be expected in near future.