Effect of Extraction Temperature and the Type of Solvent on the Phenolic Content, Anti-Oxidant Capacity, and Flow Indicators for the Mucilage Extracted from the Root of Althaea sp.

This research was conducted at the Agricultural Scientific Research Center and Tishreen University - Faculty of Agriculture in Lattakia in the summer of 2021-2022. The research aimed to show the effect of the incubation temperature and the type of solvent used in extracting the mucilage powder of the Althaea sp root, on its content of phenols, its antioxidant capacity, and flow indicators. These six transactions are (Water at room temperature + isopropanol A, water at 40°C ˚ + isopropanol B, water at 60°C + isopropanol C, room temperature water + ethanol D, water at 40°C ˚ + ethanol E, water at 60°C ˚ + ethanol F. The results showed that increasing the incubation temperature increased the phenol content and the antioxidant capacity of the powder obtained from the marshmallow root when both solvents used in the extraction. Treatment C (60°C) temperature and isopropanol) got the highest average of phenol content and antioxidant capacity, at 60 mg/100g, 55.66%. The incubation temperature did not affect an average of the flow indicators, while the type of solvent affected them. The results show that the powders from extraction with isopropanol had higher flow indicators than the powder produced when extracting with ethanol, and the values of the Hausner index and the compression modulus were 1.17 and 17.64%, respectively.