Study on Analysis of Serum Leptin Levels as a Biomarker in Metabolic Syndrome in Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Okhla Industrial Area

Background: Central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and insulin resistance are all symptoms of metabolic syndrome, which is a progressive illness. Patients with metabolic syndrome have a higher risk of death from coronary heart disease, stroke, vascular dysfunction, and other causes. Obesity is one of the most serious epidemics of modern day, and the hormone leptin plays a critical role in body weight and energy balance management. The present study was planned to elucidate the relevance of leptin as a biomarker in the metabolic syndrome.

Methods: A total of 355 people were chosen from the ESIC hospital's Okhla OPD, Department of General Medicine, with 196 men and 159 women suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. The data was gathered over the course of a year, from June 2018 to July 2019. The patients' Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Post Prandial Blood Sugar (PPBS), lipid profile, Insulin (fasting), and leptin levels were tested after a baseline clinical and anthropometric evaluation. Results: Female patients with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome had significantly higher blood sugar fasting, blood sugar postprandial, lipid profile, leptin, and insulin levels than male patients. Conclusions: According to the findings, leptin has a substantial relationship with metabolic syndrome and could be utilised as a biomarker for early diagnosis of the disease.