Determination of Virulence Genes in Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Fresh Leafy Vegetables Sold in Rivers State, Nigeria

Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL’S) are a rapidly growing group of β-lactamases which have the ability to hydrolyze third generation antibiotics such as Cephalosporins and Aztreonam. The aim of this study is the determination of virulence genes in ESBL- producing Escherichia. coli isolated from cabbage, spinach and water leaf. but are inhibited by Clavulanic Acid. The randomised experimental design was used to collect cabbage (Brassica oleracea), water leaf (Hydrophyllum macrophyllum) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea) samples from retailer sellers in two different markets (Choba and Rumuosi daily markets) of Obio/Akpor Local Government Area, Rivers State. Water leaf samples had a mean count of 2.9×103, spinach sample mean count was 2.8×104 Cfu/g and the highest, while the lowest mean count was obtained from cabbage samples; 1.6×103 Cfu/g. The study has established the presence of pathogenic E. coli (Enterohaemorrhagic) which are Shiga toxin producers that are Highly virulent with low infections doses.