Cancer Scenario in India: A Brief Study

Aim of Study: To aware the government and general public about the increasing incidence and risk of cancer.

The cancer incidence in India has risen alarmingly in past few decades. Cervix and Breast are leading cancers among females and Head Neck and Lung are leading cancers among males. Poverty and illiteracy is the main reason for lack of awareness which leads to presentation at advanced or metastatic stage. A total of 2.25 million cases are prevalent at a given time. Mortality rate is also very high. There is lot of financial, religious and demographic variations in the country. In 1960 more than 80% population was rural but now 60% is rural. Urbanization has lead to increased incidence of cancer. Religion wise 80% population is Hindu and 16% Muslim. Multiple marriages are common among Muslim population as well as high parity leading to high incidence of cancer cervix. In North East region of the country cancer incidence is very high this is due to Tobacco and household burning of firewood. Incidence of Stomach cancer is high in South India due to diet rich in salt and spices. In Malwa region of Punjab incidence of Cancer Oesophagus, Gall Bladder, Breast is high due to high use of pesticides and diet rich in fats. In states of UP, Bihar, MP incidence of oral cancer is very high due to habit of tobacco chewing. Treatment facilities are lacking due to overpopulation. Diagnostic and Treatment facilities are lacking due to overpopulation and moreover limited to urban areas. Financial constraint is the main issue behind late diagnosis and effective treatment. Government has started patient assistance programs and the future is promising.