Exploring Regenerative Mechanisms: Comparative Analysis of Callus Induction and Shoot Regeneration in Valeriana jatamansi Jones through In-vitro and In-vivo Cultivation

Valeriana jatamansi Jones, commonly known as Tagar, belongs to the Caprifoliaceae family and is valued for its medicinal properties. This research aims to assess the impact of specific plant growth regulators on different explants obtained from natural and in-vitro cultivated plants. Leaves and nodal explants from both sources were utilized, treated with 2,4-D, NAA, and BAP, and monitored for 30 days. Results indicate widespread callus formation among various explant types. Particularly intriguing is the robust response of in-vitro cultivated explants, in contrast to those from naturally grown plants. Nodal explants exhibited a remarkable tendency for producing multiple shoots, especially in a medium enriched with 20 µM BAP, highlighting BAP's efficacy in promoting shoot regeneration in controlled settings. This study underscores the potential of tissue culture for establishing effective protocols to conserve this medicinal plant, offering insights into sustainable and responsible utilization for informed conservation strategies.