Prevalence and Microbial Resistance of Uropathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Neonatal and Pediatric Patients in Western of Iran

Backgrounds: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common bacterial infections disease among children, pediatric and neonatal patients. These infections are found frequently in children. The global evolution of antibiotic resistance among urinary tract isolates has recently been reported. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence and antibiotic resistance pattern of uropathogenic bacteria isolated from patients with urinary tract infections.

Materials and Methods: A total of 1754 urine specimens were obtained from children with UTI who referred to Emam Hossien hospital in Kermanshah city, Iran. The urine samples were cultured on the appropriate bacteriological media and identified by conventional bacteriological tests. Antibiotic succeptibility testing was then performed by disk diffusion method.

Results: Of 1754 samples, 193 (11%) urine samples were positive based on do the urine cultures method. Out of 193 urine specimens, were positive for: E. coli, Kelebsiella spp., Enterococus spp., coagulase-negative staphylocococci, Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Citrobacter spp., Serratia spp., Streptococcus(viridans group) and Proteus spp. A sample was positive for Acinetobacter spp. Furthermore, E. coliinfections showed high resistance to ampicillin (82%), trimethoperim-sulfamethoxazole, nalidixic acid (69%), and nitrofurantoin (61%).

Conclusion: Our results revealed that urinary tract pathogens isolated from Iranian children are particularly resistant to some commonly used antimicrobial agents. Regarding to antimicrobial susptibility pattern in urinary tract pathogens showed that high levels of resistance to different antibiotics and treatment options are limited, and infection control measures remain of high importance. Routine surveillance and monitoring studies should be performed to provide knowledge to physicians on the updated and most effective empirical prescribing practice in the treatment of UTIs.