Study on Frequency of Placenta Previa and Morbidly Adherent Placenta in Patients with Previous Cesarean Sections

Objective: To determine the frequency of different positions of placenta previa and morbidly adherent placenta in women who had previous multiple cesarean section reporting at Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Isra University Hospital.

Patients and Method: This cross sectional was done at department of Gyne/Obs and department of Radiology ISRA University Hospital Hyderabad during one year. An informed consent was taken from pregnant women during antenatal diagnosed to have placenta previa or morbidly adherent placenta on ultrasound with history of previous C-section. The clinical / abdominal examination was done and proformas were filled, the location of placenta previa and morbid adherence was confirmed during C-section and observations were recorded for results. Data was collected via study proforma and analysis of data was done by using SPSS version 26.

Results: The mean of the patients was 29.31+5.17years. Most of the study participating women 87(87%) gave the history of Cesarean sections during previous deliveries, while only 13(13%) women had history of NVDs (normal vaginal deliveries) and Cesarean sections both. Out of all 33% patients observed with placenta previa and morbidly adherent placenta in women who had previous multiple cesarean section, particularly the previa I to IV 22.0%, placenta accreta 4%, placenta percreta 4% and least common type was placenta increta 3%. Incidence of the placenta previa and morbidly adherent placenta in women who had previous multiple cesarean section was statistically insignificant according number of c-sections (p-0.39).

Conclusion: As per study conclusion the placenta previa and morbidly adherent placenta was observed to be the highly frequent among women who had previous multiple cesarean section. There was no effect observed of the number of caesarean sections performed, implying that one previous caesarean may have caused placenta previa and morbidly adherent placenta.